Unit 13
Key to the Exercise:
Vocabulary:
2 Translate the following phrases into English:
答案：
1. uncork the bottle; undress the children; unearth the buried treasure; unpack the books from the box; uncover the dirty plan
2. fulfill one’s wish/aspirations, fulfill one’s plan; fulfill /realize one’s dream; fulfill one’s promise; achieve the result; achieve independence; fulfill one’s demand; fulfill one’s expectations; achieve/ realize one’s purpose/aim/goal
3. make progress; make inventions; make threats
4. obey orders; obey the law; obey the authorities; obey the rules; obey the command; obey the leadership
5. spread germs; spread the news; spread the map; spread the fire; spread the terror
6. demand an explanation; demand a reply; demand an apology
7. threaten life; threaten stability; threaten the economy; threaten the unity
8. dominate/control the world; dominate/control one’s life; dominate the match; dominate the family
9. master a language; master art; master the new technology; masters kills/techniques
3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets according to the sentence patterns in bold.
答案：
1. Once we all agree to regard our problems as differences among family members.
2. Once you learn to look at the problem from the perspective of the opposite side.
3. Once you get to know him better.
4. what if we can’t find suitable jobs
5. what if everybody decides to protect their home market
6. what if we were hit by serious floods, droughts or earthquakes? What if the weather conditions were terrible and our harvests failed? What if there should be another serious energy crisis?
7. If only he had kept at it.
8. If only we had spent more money on the development of agriculture
9. If only he were still alive
4 Rewrite the sentences replacing the parts in bold type with the words and expressions below.
答案：
1. regard him as, turned out to be
2. as it turned out later, carry out
3. were capable of (destroying), call for
4. keep at, spur them on
5. appealed to her to think of
6. depend on, get rid of
7. were devoted to each other, but for
8. different from, adapt to
9. aims at (increasing)
5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs
答案：
1. from, to, out, in 2. of, under 3.for, off
4. of, in 5 of 6 of, around, as
7 of, to, to 8. to, to 9. to, for
6. Translate the following sentences into English
答案：
1. 这个项目听起来令人鼓舞。你还在做吗？别停下来，继续干下去。
This project sounds very exciting/inspiring. Are you still working on it? Don’t stop / give up. Keep at it / Get on with it / Carry on!
2. 他把杯子往桌子上一放，慢慢从椅子上站了起来。
He set the cup on the table and slowly rose from his chair.
3. 煤矿工人要求对那些应该为这次可怕事故负责的人予以严惩。
The coal-miners demanded those /people who should be responsible for the terrible accident be severely punished.
4. 要不是当地政府有力支持，那里的人们就不可能实现他们的愿望。
But for the strong support of the local government, the aspirations of the people there would not have been fulfilled.
5. 当局正在制定一个旨在在周围所有的山都种上树的计划。这个消息很快传开，鼓舞了不少年轻人。
The news that the authorities are drawing a plan aimed at getting all the surrounding hills covered with trees spread quickly and inspired many young people.
6. 天气预报说我们家乡的旱情可能还要持续下去。我不禁为今年的夏收担心。
Weather forecast says that the drought in our hometown is likely to continue /linger on. I can’t help worrying about this year’s summer harvest.
7. 要实现社会和谐，我们必须倾听人民的抱怨，并实现必要的改革。
To achieve the social harmony we must listen attentively to people’s complaints and carry out necessary reform.
8. 我姐姐告诉我说，就因为她常批评她老板，他就把她看成捣乱分子，一直想要把她打发掉。
My sister told me that just because she often criticized her boss, he regarded her as a trouble-maker and had always wanted to get rid of her.
Grammar
2 Study the use of as in the examples and complete each of the sentences using an appropriate verb from the box.
答案：
1. accept 2. described / regarded / thought of 3. regard / see / think of
4. introduced 5. used 6. treated /used 7. regard / think of
8. describe 9 regarded / thought of 10. described
3 Translate the following sentences into English
答案：
1. 在中国这种草药广泛用来止痛。
In China this herb is widely used as a painkiller.
2.无论到哪里，人们都介绍他是个电脑天才。
Wherever he went, he was introduced as a computer wizard.
3. 这是个几百人为之工作了五年的项目。
This is a project on which hundreds of people have worked for five years.
4. 这位农民视自己的土地为世上最珍贵的宝物。
The farmer regards his land as the most precious treasure in the world.
5.这个国家的总理把最近这次地震称为全民的灾难。
The Prime Minister of the country described the recent earthquake as a national disaster.
6. 这个城市发展的速度令来自全国各地的参观者十分惊讶。
The speed at which the city had been growing amazed visitors from all over the country.
7. 我是谁？我来自何处？我认为这是没有答案的问题。
Who am I? Where did I come from? I think these are the questions to which there are no answers.
8. 退休的将军在75岁时重访了他工作过的地方。
At the age of 75, the retired general revisited the places in which he had worked.
9. 青春期是一个年轻人成长为成人的时期。
Adolescence is the time during which young people develop into adults.
10. 在博物馆，我们看到了他当年在监狱里用来开辟菜园的锄头和铲子。
At the museum we saw the very pick/hoe and shovel with which he started a vegetable garden in the prison.
4 Fill in each blank of the passage with One suitable word.
答案：
1 early 2 locked 3 rest 4 but 5 what 6 words 7 found
8 frozen 9 working / operative 10 killed
5. Identify and correct the mistake(s) in each of the sentences.
答案：
1. Many men still have difficulty accepting a woman as a business partner.
2. At the daycare center, the teachers treated the children as their own children. /At the daycare center, the teachers treated the children like mothers.
3. The other day my father witnessed a terrible road accident in which two people were killed and three injured.
4. There is always someone on campus to whom you can turn for advice. / There is always someone whom you can turn to for advice on campus.
5. The movie is generally viewed as trash in spite of its box office success.
6. He’s the kind of person with whom many people feel uncomfortable.
7. People tend to regard as the center of the world the place where/ in which they are born and brought up. / People tend to regard as the center of the world the place they are born and brought up in.
8. Whether it is fine or it is rainy, they exercise every day.
9. But for his help, I wouldn’t have been able to finish the project in time.
10. The computer is believed to be one of the most important inventions of the 20th century.
Unit 14
Answer to exercises
I
1. a
2. a/the, 0
3. the
4. a, 0, a
5. 0
6. 0, a
7. 0
8. a
9. A, the, 0, 0, a, the ,the, 0, 0, 0, a, a, 0, a, a, a
10. A, a, a, a, The, The, a, 0, the, the || The, the, the, the, the, the, the, the,
II
1. will be, will have
2. are visiting/are going to visit/will visit, have to/will have to
3. am not to smoke
4. were doing, was watching
5. haven’t heard, got, is/was working, will have completed
6. shone
7. was swimming, heard
8. has asked
9. had watched, arrested
10. decided, was, helped, thought || found, was, was, told, is working || stopped, received, am now making, is (making), had always dreamed, is || fight, is, think || love, don’t want, love, think, don’t know
III
1. Cardinal(基数词)
208：two hundred and eight
1,500: one thousand five hundred
7,128: seven thousand one hundred and twenty-eight
2,000: two thousand
3,000,000: three million
4,000,000,000: four billion
304 people: three hundred and four people
$1,700: one thousand and four people
25 million: twenty-five million
Room 109: room one o nine
2. Ordinal(序数词)
3rd: third
4th: fourth
21st: twenty-first
30th: thirtieth
103rd: one hundred and third
3. Fraction and decimals(分数和小数)
1/2: one/a half
9/10: nine tenths
0.25: point two five
3/4: three quarters
42.597: forty-two point five nine seven
$2.65: two dollars sixty-five (cents), or two point six five (dollar)
4. Dates(日期)
1815-05-05: May the fifth, eighteen fifteen
1919-05-04: May the fourth, nineteen nineteen
1949-10-01: October the first, nineteen forty-nine
2002-09-11: September the eleventh, two thousand and two
2008-08-08: August the eighth, two thousand and eight
2010-12-02: December the second, twenty ten
IV
1. even if
2. Whatever/No matter what
3. As
4. what, what
5. if
6. as long as
7. that
8. until/even when
9. where
10. when
V
1. When he heard these words, something in him woke: his father loved him!
2. You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth.
3. “You’re not Jimmy Wells,” he said sharply. “Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change the size of a man’s nose.”
4. I tried everything: threats, appeals to him to think of our ancient glory, even bribes.
5. Like gardeners, leaders must take responsibility for what they cultivate; they must mind their work, try to drive back enemies, save what can be saved, and eliminate what cannot succeed.
VI
1. The week I became 37 years old, I realized that I had never in my life been brave enough to do anything challenging or risky.
Take a gamble: to do sth that can produce a very bad or unpleasant result.
2. Chicago police want to talk to you.(this is an ironical way of saying that they are trying to track you down, arrest you and take you to court)
3. The whole quiet snow-covered wilderness heard Maheegun’s passionate cry and seemed to be greatly excited.
Thrill: to feel very excited or happy(in the text it is used figuratively.)
To: used to say that a particular sound is heard at the same time as sth happens
(understanding personification 拟人)
4. Since he knew how much his father loved him, he would not be so reluctant to get up and make it necessary for his father to call him again.
No more…: someone should not do… any more
Loitering: being slow in doing sth. In the text, this means he should get out bed and be ready for the milking quickly.
5. … the wine is like the sunlight in tropical areas; it is very strong, just like liquid fire.
Like liquid tropical sunlight: (the wine) as strong as tropical sunlight
Answer to test paper
I
1. Career
2. Pursue
3. Executive
4. Motto
5. Superiority
6. Sensible
7. Intellectual
8. Pitch
9. Eliminate
10. Addict
11. Giant
12. Starry
13. Fragrant
14. Genuinely
15. Alert
16. Simultaneously
17. Execute
18. Mastery
19. Aspiration
20. Mischievous
II
1. sleepiness
2. Italian
3. dry
4. requirement
5. popularized
6. prettified
7. broadens
8. absence
9. home-grown
10. constructive
III
1. generate/produce/release
2. reason
3. parks
4. with
5. show/give
6. experiment
7. growth
8. only
9. stronger
IV
1. My cousin is considering going to graduate school after teaching school for five years.
2. The government is making efforts to bring/nurse the economy back to health.
3. The university provides a variety of elective courses for both undergraduate and graduate students.
4. Don’t’ bother to prepare anything special for us for dinner. Serve whatever you (happen to) have.
5. He took it for granted that he’d be invited to the opening ceremony. So when no invitation came he was disappointed.
6. In had been warned about the challenges and difficulties before I decided to pursue a career in medicine.
7. To remain competitive, the company has to be able to adapt to the changing marketplace.
8. When we first came, our teachers told us, “We hope you’ll all think of the university as your home.”
9. Many people find that we seem to be living in a society in which values have become more and more confusing.
10. “I have neither money nor connections,” my grandfather said to me, “The only thing I can give you is my advice.”
1. 我是在第二次世界大战刚结束时， 先后在纽约州和新泽西州的公立中学上的初中和高中，这看起来是很久以前的事了。那两所中学的设备和师资水平大概都大大超过了当时美国的平均水准。在学校里，我学到了不少东西，其中重要的一点是：要学的东西很多，而我知道的甚少。我有时想要是当时学到了更多真正重要的事，现在我会多么地感激这两所学校。我受到的教育在有些方面相当狭隘；关于拿破仑，我在学校听到的唯一一件事就是，美国是从他手里得到了路易斯安那购置地。（在一个约95%的居民不是美国人的星球上，学校认为唯一值得教授的历史是美国历史。）在拼写、语法、数学原理，以及其他重要科目方面，我的老师们都很棒，不过还有许许多多别的知识，我真希望当时他们能教给我们。
2. 也许这些缺陷现在都已得到弥补。我觉得学校应该教的有很多——那些对学生以后生活真正有用的事，能使国家更加强大、世界更加美好的事，能使人民能加幸福的事。人类乐于学习，我们比这个星球上的其他物种做得更好的事情不多，但喜欢学习是其中之一，每个学生都应该时不时体验到那种豁然开朗的“啊哈！”——你明白了一件不懂的事情，或是你看到了某个普通现象的奥秘。
V
1. give—giving, once when—once
2. was until—was not until, attend—tend
3. Leave—Leaving, the fact how—the fact that
4. had rather—would rather, than to feel—than feel
5. hanged low on—hung low over
6. in which—at which, and helped—and help
7. work out—worked out, no matter whatever--no matter what/whatever
8. high—tall, was turned up—turned up
9. would blow—would have blown, start—started
10. appealed—appeals, everything couldn’t—nothing could
VI
1. BCADC
2.
(1) indulge: to allow himself to have something enjoyable but bad for him.
(2) be myself: be back to normal; to act or perform as I always did before.
(3) jumble: a state of confusion(I couldn’t remember my lines.)
(4) cover up for me: to hide my mistakes in order to protect me
(5) rundown cafés: cafés in poor conditions or in a bad shape
(6) rehearsing: reciting/practicing (speeches and songs) for the performances that night
(7) stammered: spoke with a lot of pauses and repetitions without intending to do so
(8) slipping: not as good as usual
(9) building up: growing; increasing
(10) was really through: was truly finished
3.
(1) The other actors all laughed about my forgetting my lines, trying to make me think it was nothing serious and that I would be alright the next day.
(2) … and I would never completely recover again anywhere.
(3) Don’t be afraid to admit that you are afraid. /Face your fear and fight it. /It’s natural to be afraid, but never use it as an excuse to give up.
(4) But not once did I forget my lines.
(5) But I could accept the possibility that I would never be able to perform as confidently as before. But I am not afraid. I will not let that beat me.
4. the advice is that whenever he is afraid to do something, he should admit that he is afraid. He should face his fear and fight it but never use it as an excuse to give up. Courage does not mean the absence of fear. Instead, it means admitting fear but still persisting in pursuing one’s dream. Success will never come if people wait for the day when they are completely free from fear and are 100% sure they will succeed.
